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Merry Christmas!

Stephen

> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Stephen Kymlicka /
2333 Robinson St., Regina, SK, S4T 2R3 /
 /
"We give to necessity, the praise of virtue".  Quintillian
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------

> Now that we know from M. Christian that the Economist is yellow
> journalistic boulevard rag, perhaps he could offer us one more helpful
> hint:   how do we get the European leaders, who make decisions like NATO
> and EU memberships for Romania, Hungary and others, and make investement
> decisions in the region, to stop reading such trash as The Economist, the
> Finacial Times, The Wall Street Journal or the New York Times.
> 
> with my very best wishes,
> 
> Charles VamossyIt would be extremely helpful to look closer at the reporters'
 names 
writing for "The Ecomnmist". It is not easy to find them but it is 
possible. "Amazingly", many are Hungarian names. I had the same 
experience when I read a "World Almanach 1996" edited in Kansas City. 
There Romania was known as: the poorest country in Europe, that switched 
three times its sides in WWI and as a reward took teritories fron 
Austria, Hungary, Russia, Bulgaria and Serbia. The list of historical 
truths is long and what do you thinkthe name of the guy in charge with 
World Facts is Sz..sz... Where in the world can you find such a 
name? Another Hungarian loving his country so much that he joined the 
other 2 millions of his brothers in US... But of course this has nothing 
to do with the subject we were talking about...

 (Pugo) wrote:
>In article >, Kertesz Tom 
c.lockheed.com> writes:
>> What was the score?
>> Ajax-Ferencvaros 4-O /2-O/

Hajra' Fradi :-( 

alex
----

Alex Farkas                          Ph:     +44 1786 46 74 49
Department of Computing Science      Fax:    +44 1786 46 45 51
University of Stirling               e-mail: 
Stirling FK9 4LA                     WWW:    http://nezz.cs.stir.ac.uk/~alex/
Scotland                             Room:   4B67

Would someone who lives in or grew up in Hungary be willing to
correspond with me a bit about life in Hungary?

Deborah

Ez egy nagyon hulye vicc... meg csak nem is vicces!

Nepellenes kommunista szagot erzek!

Ciao

-- 
Denes S. Varady,  N3NV

 (Tony Pace) wrote:

>>Actually,, "Great" Moravia, once assumed to be Moravia north of the
>>Danube and Vienna,  has now been identified instead with the Burg of
>>Morava located either on the Sava River (ancient Sirmium, present-day
>>Sremska Mitrovica)  or on the Mures River (urbs Morisena, later called
>>Maroswar, but known today as Cenad in Romanian)

>Hmmm, that sounds like Imre Boba's theory published in 1971. However,
>Liviu's theory ought to be contrasted with Prof. Henrik Birnbaum's 1993
>rebuttal to Imre Boba's contention, since it addresses the same theory.
>Birnbaum's article "Where was the Center of the Moravian State?"
>was published in the American Contributions to the Eleventh International
>Congress of Slavists, Maguire and Timberlake (eds.), 1993, and presented
>literary, geographical and archeological considerations which Boba
>(and Liviu :-) did not take into consideration.

I hate to shatter your ego but you're not quite correctamundo. First,
I never called it my theory. Secondly, I am aware of Birnbaum's
rebuttal, and so are  Prof. Charles Bowlus and Dr. Martin Eggers (see
my references in a previous post) Finally, I think we have just
outnumbered, outgunned and out-titled you :-)

Liviu Iordache

 (George Szaszvari) wrote:
>In article >, 
u (Jennifer Hayes) says:
...
>>: >Let's get something straight here: 
>>: >
>>: >the alleged Hun-Magyar dynastic continuity it's neither a historical
>>: >fact, nor a myth without any basis in facts. It is just a plain
>>: >misconception. There is no connection, whatsoever, between the 5th
>>: >century Attila the Hun and 9th century Arpad. Period.
>>
>>: Correct. It might actually be worth regularly posting a FAQ, explaining to 
>>: all the poor souls who frequently betray their ignorance by believing that 
>>: Huns and Magyars are one and the same thing. 
...

Whatever happened to the theory that the "Trans-Uralic" Magyars (i.e. during
the honfoglala's) merged with the Hunnic descended tribes that lived in the
Carpathian basin at the time? (NB this question does not ask about the Huns of
Attila).

This is not a poke at anyone, just a question.  I'm damned if I can remember
where I read about this (or something similar), but I'm sure someone out there
following this thread knows about this.

Part of the reason I ask is that there were supposed to be various similarities
to the eastern "Mongol-like" peoples, such as a particular musical chord or
method that crops up in both cultures ...

Something else I recall was the Mongol word Baator (as in Ulaan Baator = Hero's
City) being related to the Magyar word ba'tor (= brave).  Anyone? Anyone?

In general I tend to agree that there is an unusual amount of myth relating
Attila and A'rpa'd, and I don't know where this originates.  I also would like
to know how the German's get to be called Huns?  I suspect this is a
derrgoation of Hahns (= short form of Johannes)?

alex
----

Alex Farkas                          Ph:     +44 1786 46 74 49
Department of Computing Science      Fax:    +44 1786 46 45 51
University of Stirling               e-mail: 
Stirling FK9 4LA                     WWW:    http://nezz.cs.stir.ac.uk/~alex/
Scotland                             Room:   4B67

On 18 Dec 1995, CHARLES VAMOSSY wrote:

> Now that we know from M. Christian that the Economist is yellow 
> journalistic boulevard rag, perhaps he could offer us one more helpful 
> hint:   how do we get the European leaders, who make decisions like NATO 
> and EU memberships for Romania, Hungary and others, and make investement 
> decisions in the region, to stop reading such trash as The Economist, the 
> Finacial Times, The Wall Street Journal or the New York Times.  
> with my very best wishes,
> Charles Vamossy

I am sure that something like that would not even occur to Mr. Iliescu.
As 'vicked' as he may be for so 'vilanousely' persecuting those Maghiar
minorities, he may have graduated beyond censorship. 

As far the headline in 'The Economist', one should be entitled to see
intelectual content above the level of tabloid like cheap shots. At least
in a 'prestigious' magazine that one is expected to pay for acordingly ! 


m. cristian

P.S.  Relax man ! None of the publications that you so kindly enumerate
      come close to The Bible & The Coran in holiness. Hint, when in 
      doubt, it is OK not to take them seriousely.

Hi there, 
  I am very keen to get my hands on a Hungarian Dictioanry for Microsoft 
Word 6.0a.  If anyone knows where I can get one of these, I'd really 
appreciate it.
Thanks,
Lee

In article >,  (Vikram) wrote
:

> I need to write HAPPY BIRTHDAY TO YOU  in the Magyar langauge.
>  Would somebody help, please.
> Thanks.
> 
> Vikram


Boldog szuletesnapot kivanok!

Peter
)

Liviu wrote:

>I hate to shatter your ego but you're not quite correctamundo. First,
>I never called it my theory. Secondly, I am aware of Birnbaum's
>rebuttal, and so are  Prof. Charles Bowlus and Dr. Martin Eggers (see
>my references in a previous post) Finally, I think we have just
>outnumbered, outgunned and out-titled you :-)

Well now, let's recount at least one of these "theories", shall we? :-)

>Archaeology never yielded convincing evidence supporting the northern
>Moravia hypothesis, and the "Bohemian"  orientation in the interpretation of
>Church-Slavonic texts is based *on the assumption* of a Moravia of
>Methodius north of the Danube, and, therefore, methodologically
>inadmissible..

Pardon me Liviu, the last sentence sounds as though it came from the
Guide to Western Civilization by none other than Joe Bob Briggs :-) :-)

and while I do not subscribe to bohemisms either, but it is a fact that
Frankish chronicles make mention of three cities in Great Moravian empire,
these being Nitra(va), Dowina (Devin) and the ancient city of Breslavva,
later known as Brezalaus-purc, Breslaus-burg Press-purk and Bratislava
however inadmissible that may be to some Chicago circles :-)

All disclaimers apply. Not speaking for FORD.

Could someone tell me who Bela Gyuricza is ? I assume he is involved somehow wi
th the 
government. Is there an address at which he can be reached?
Thank you for your help.

Dave Duricy

 (Tony Pace) wrote:

>>Archaeology never yielded convincing evidence supporting the northern
>>Moravia hypothesis, and the "Bohemian"  orientation in the interpretation of
>>Church-Slavonic texts is based *on the assumption* of a Moravia of
>>Methodius north of the Danube, and, therefore, methodologically
>>inadmissible..

>Pardon me Liviu, the last sentence sounds as though it came from the
>Guide to Western Civilization by none other than Joe Bob Briggs :-) :-)

I haven't got  the pleasure yet of reading Briggs but he certainly
sounds like a cool smart guy :-)

>and while I do not subscribe to bohemisms either, but it is a fact that
>Frankish chronicles make mention of three cities in Great Moravian empire,
>these being Nitra(va), Dowina (Devin) and the ancient city of Breslavva,
>later known as Brezalaus-purc, Breslaus-burg Press-purk and Bratislava
>however inadmissible that may be to some Chicago circles :-)

Belive it or not, Chicago circles accept as facts the testimony of
Frankish chronicles. Also, it might be more or less correct that
Nitra, Devin, and Bratislava were added at some point during the 9th
century to the "Great" Moravia. Actually,  the confusion between
Moravia and 9th century "Great" Moravia resulted also from the fact
that Sventopolk became duke of Bohemia in 870-871 and, from his new
power base, around 880-890, conquered territories along the Upper
Vistula and northern Morava rivers.  However, let me explain why some
Little Rock  and Seattle circles have rejected the hasty equivalences
Nitra=Nitrava, Devin=Dowina, and Bratislava=Brezalauspurc.


Nitra, Nitrava, Nitrensis

Based on Conversio Bagoariorum et Carantanorum, it was argued that
sometimes after 833 Moimir, the duke of the Moravians, defeated
Pribina, a rival Slavic warlord, whose lordship was centered in Nitra,
north of the Danube. Following his defeat, Pribina fled across the
Danube to the south to Ratpot, the Frankish perfect of the east, who
presented him to King Louis the German; the latter commanded Pribina
instructed in the faith and baptized. Subsequently, Louis the German
granted Pribina lands near Lake Balaton  to build a fortification
(Moosburg or Zalavar) in the woods and swamps of the Zala river.
Interpreted in this manner, the passage of Conversio has been used to
"demonstrate" that the southern Moravian thesis is untenable.
According to Bowlus (1995, p.105), the conclusion is unwarranted:

>>>The author of the Conversio simply wrote that "Priwina exulatus a Moimaro 
duce Maravorum supra Danubium venit ad  Ratbodum." The place *from
which* he had been expelled is unspecified in this text. The assertion
that he came from Nitra north of the Danube is based on a separate
passage in the Conversio. It states that Archbishop Adalram of
Salzburg (821-836) had consecrated a church on the allodial lands of
Pribina *in Nitrava ultra Danubium*[...] the passage concerning the
church in Nitrava is suspect. A glance at the Conversio makes it
apparent that is it is completely out of place and disrupts the
continuity of the text. After recounting Pribina's construction of a
fortification in the swamps and forests on the Zala (after 838), the
text erratically jumps backward in time to the consecration of the
church in Nitrava (presumably before 833), then it continues to
discuss the completion of the fortress of Zalavar and the consecration
of a church dedicated to the virgin there (c.850)<<<

Bingo! Since the church in Nitrava was consecrated before Pribina's
expulsion, he must have overseen the consecration of a church on his
property before he had been baptized (which happened after his
expulsion). Kind of weird, isn't it?  Bowlus emphasized that the
passage concerning Nitrava was not part of the original version of
Conversio and, therefore, no hypothesis should be based on it. In any
case, although it is impossible to say where precisely Pribina's
original residence was located, strong evidence indicate that the
place from which he was expelled by Moimir was not Nitra.
  
In a letter of June 880, Pope John VIII named Methodius
"archiepiscopus ecclesiae Marabensis" and made reference to another
bishop in the principality of Sventoplok, Wiching, "episcopus sanctae
ecclesiae Nitrensis." Boba (1971) is certainly correct in arguing that
the formal titles of Methodius and Wiching imply that the forms
"Marabensis" and "Nitrensis" can refer to cities only. Therefore, the
name Maraba refers to a city and not to a region. Moreover, civitas
Nitrensis refers most probably to Nitra in modern Slovakia. A letter
written by Archbishop Theotmar of Salzburg (c.900) states that the
Bavarian episcopy did not object to Wiching's appointment as bishop of
the civitas Nitrensis, because the people residing there had
previously been pagans, whom Zwentibald [i.e., Sventoplok, not
Moimir!] had conquered (c.871). This letter (see Bowlus, 1995, p.194
and Appendix 2) is clear evidence that in 833 Pribina was not expelled
by Moimir from Nitra, and this city that was added to the "Great"
Moravia  only in 871, when Sventoplok expanded his realm from south to
northwest. In the same letter, the Bavarian bishops strongly objected
to the reestablishment of ecclesial sees in Pannonia, that is to the
reestablishment of Methodius'  "sanctae ecclesiae Marabensis"  As
those who are versed in Roman administrative history know, Moravia was
never part of Pannonia and, moreover, it would have been impossible to
*reestablish* an ecclesial see in Moravia because no see was
previously established there to start with.    
 

Devin, Dowina

Civitas Dowina was mentioned in connection to the 864 expedition of
Louis, king of the Franks, against Sventoplok's uncle, Rastislav.
Traditionally, it has been assumed that the civitas Dowina is Devin, a
fortress on a promontory overlooking the confluence of the northern
Morava with the Danube. 

The equation Dowina=Devin was rejected on philological grounds long
before the issue of Moravia's geographic location was raised (see
references in Bowlus, 1995). Also, no archeological evidence was
uncovered to support the assumption that Dowina is actually Devin.
Lubomir Havlick, a scholar supporting the north Moravia thesis, shown
that Devin in the 9th century was a fortified place of refuge, not a
permanent settlement as the term civitas Dowina implies.

Out of the eight annals and chronicles that report the conflict only
the Annals of Fulda provided a vague geographic reference to the
location of the burg sieged by Louis the German (Boba, 1971):

>>>Hludovicus rex mense Augusto ultra Danubium cum manu valida 
profectus Rastizen in quadam  civitate, quae lingua gentis ilius
Dowina dicitur, obsedit.<<<

As Boba argued, from the view point of the annalist writing in a place
north of the Danube, the Latin phrase ultra Danubium denoted a
location "across," "beyond, " i.e., "south of" the Danube. Bowlus
(1995) has carefully reconstructed the 864 military campaign and
argued for the validity of the southern Moravian hypothesis.



Braslavespurch, Bratislava

Annales Iuvavensse maximi gives reference to Braslavespurch as the
site of the decisive battle between Hungarians and Bavarians. I don't
quite understand why the alleged Braslavespurch----->Bratislava
transition has relevance for the geographic location of the "Great"
Moravia, and , therefore, at this time I briefly mention that the
generally accepted identification of Bratislava with Braslavespurch is
anachronistic on historical and chronological as well as on
philological grounds. Suffice to add that, with high probability,
Braslavespurch came from  Braslav's Burg, named after a prince in
Slavonia on Sava, Braslav, rewarded by Arnulf with  Pribina's Zalavar
(see above) . The 907 war took place near Lake Balaton in Pannonia,
not at Bratisalava  (see Boba, 1989, Ungarn-Jahrbuch, 17, 9-23, and
Bowlus, 1995, 258-264).

Liviu Iordache

 (Liviu Iordache) wrote:

> Finally, I think we have just
>outnumbered, outgunned and out-titled you :-)
>
>Liviu Iordache
>
I am not familiar with the Bowlus book, but will try to get a copy.
And I suggest that you reread the Birnbaum article (see publication
information in Tony Pace's posting).  
Are you familiar with the archeological excavations which have
taken place in Moravia in this century?  It's true that St. Methodius'
tomb has not yet been identified, but the excavations in Mikulcice,
Stare Mesto and other places suggest that this was the political,
cultural, and religious center of Great Moravia.  
I also recommend Lubomir Havlik's <Kronika o Velke Morave> 
(Brno, 1994), which is based upon original sources from Latin, Greek,
Slavic, Hebrew, Arabic, and Germanic. To my mind, the historical, 
archeological, and linguistic evidence clearly demonstrates that
the center of Great Moravia was found near the contemporary border
of Moravia, Slovakia, and Austria.  

Kevin Hannan

Sorin Tuluca  > wrote:
> "Amazingly", many are Hungarian names. I had the same 
>experience when I read a "World Almanach 1996" edited in Kansas City. 
>There Romania was known as: the poorest country in Europe, that switched 
>three times its sides in WWI and as a reward took teritories fron 
>Austria, Hungary, Russia, Bulgaria and Serbia. The list of historical 
>truths is long

What's wrong with that characterization?

> and what do you thinkthe name of the guy in charge with 
>World Facts is Sz..sz... Where in the world can you find such a 
>name?

In Poland, where "sz" denotes the sound "sh" (in English).
So "sztuka" for instance (pronounced as "shtuka") means "art".
I have also seen the "sz" letter combinations in the names of others,
who were neither Hungarian, nor Polish.  But it may be most frequent
in Hungarian though.

> Another Hungarian loving his country so much that he joined the 
>other 2 millions of his brothers in US... But of course this has nothing 
>to do with the subject we were talking about...

I see you too, love your country ... in Ohio.

Joe

Szevusztok

Ha valaki szeretne levelzni egy 28-eves fiuval aki most kezdett el 
dolgozni mint francia/angol fordito, nyugottan irjatok a fenti cimre.  
Bar mirol beszelhetunk:  celem a magyar nyelv gyakorlata.  
-- 
Richard E. Sipos
The world is wonderfull and so are you
Thanks for writing
See you soon!

O sorok iroja eztuttal keres osszekottetest olyan egyenekkel, kiket a
"humanista" tudomanyokkal kapcsolatban erdekelnenek az alabb felsorolt
nezetek es gondollatok:
 Gyokeres valtozasra volna szukseg ahhoz, hogy az emberi eletet megmentsuk
a kozeli pusztulastol. Jovoje csak olyan emberisegnek lehet, amely kepes
lefekezni nagyravago ambiciojat est tud szerenyebben es a termeszethez 
alkalmazkodva elni. Ezert le kell kuzdenunk ket nagy akadalyt:
1.) Meg kell szabadulnunk a zurzavaros vallasos eszmektol es vallasos 
rendszerektol. Ugyanis a papok altal alkotott Isten mintegy emberi formaban
vanelkepzelve. Igy a bekepzelt ember szinte isteni magassagban kepzeli el 
magat a tobbi elo es elettelen egysegekhez viszonyitva. Kapzsizagtol hajtva min
dent elkovetunk, hogy igaba hajtsuk a termeszet eroit es naivsagunkban nem
vesszuk eszre, hogy ezzel csak siettetjuk az emberiseg sirjanak megasasat.
Az a nagy alkoto szellem, amely a termeszet csodalatos gepezetet meginditotta,
sokkal magasabb es dicsosegesebb helyen all, mint a Bibliaban leirt 
AtyaUristen.
2.) Ezenkivul meg kell szabadulnunk egy csomo zurzavaros tudomanyos eszmetol
es elmelettol. Elsosorban azokrol az elmeletekrol van szo, amelyek
probaljak megmagyarazni az Atom-nak nevezett elemi egyseg mukodeset. Dacara a 
latszolagos, csalfa technologiai sikereknek, halvany fogalmunk sincs arrol, 
hogy mikent mukodik a termeszet gepezete az atomok segitsegevel.
Kozben gyorsitott utemben piszkoljuk es pusztitjuk a termeszet vilagat.
Egyetlen remenyunk csak az lehet, hogy felredobva a mai zagyvalekos 
atomelmeleteket, bevezetunk egy teljesen uj tudomanyos gondolatot, melynek
segitsegevel megertjuk az atomok es a termeszet mukodeset.
Modomban all reszletes magyarazatokat kuldeni azok reszere, akiket e 
gondolatok eredekelnek.

Szekely Istvan 
(Rossland, B.C. Canada   E-mail:    )

Sorin Tuluca > wrote:
>> Now that we know from M. Christian that the Economist is yellow
>> journalistic boulevard rag, perhaps he could offer us one more helpful
>> hint:   how do we get the European leaders, who make decisions like NATO
>> and EU memberships for Romania, Hungary and others, and make investement
>> decisions in the region, to stop reading such trash as The Economist, the
>> Finacial Times, The Wall Street Journal or the New York Times.
>> 
>> with my very best wishes,
>> 
>> Charles Vamossy

It would be extremely helpful to look closer at the reporters' names 
>writing for "The Ecomnmist". It is not easy to find them but it is 
>possible. "Amazingly", many are Hungarian names. I had the same 
>experience when I read a "World Almanach 1996" edited in Kansas City. 
>There Romania was known as: the poorest country in Europe, that switched 
>three times its sides in WWI and as a reward took teritories fron 
>Austria, Hungary, Russia, Bulgaria and Serbia. The list of historical 
>truths is long and what do you thinkthe name of the guy in charge with 
>World Facts is Sz..sz... Where in the world can you find such a 
>name? Another Hungarian loving his country so much that he joined the 
>other 2 millions of his brothers in US... But of course this has nothing 
>to do with the subject we were talking about...

Thank you, Sorin Tuluca, for pointing out that London based Economist 
has, among others, Hungarian born staffers.  I was not aware of it, but 
it does not surprise me.  Nor would it surprise me to find out that they 
have Polish, Czech, or Romanian born staffers, also.  Talented 
jounalists, regardless of their national origin are recruited by leading 
magazines all over the world.  They just might also have a liberal 
sprinkling of native Britts, too. Jointly, they put out one of the better 
publications in the world.  

For you to suggest that Hungarians run the Economist to such a degree 
that they can put their editorial stamp on in is both too flattering to 
Hungarians and somewhat insulting to others, especially the English, who 
after all dominate the magazine's employment rolls.

Of course, there is another possiblity that I do not dismiss as blithly 
as you ,do, Mr. Tuluca  that the magazine is actually on target when it 
states "In Slovakia and Romania, the old anti-democratic bully is 
emerging in democratically elected leaders:  Vladimir Meciar and Ion 
Iliescu are both roughnecks for whom opposition and minority rights are 
dirty words.  ...Both might be given the benefit of the doubt -- but the 
doubt remains."


with best wishes for the holidays,


Charlie Vamossy

Kevin Hannan > wrote:

>I am not familiar with the Bowlus book, but will try to get a copy.

Definitely, Bowlus' work is a must.

>And I suggest that you reread the Birnbaum article (see publication
>information in Tony Pace's posting).

Thanks for the suggestion. I'll give Birnbaum an additional look,
although in my opinion Boba's opponents have countered his arguments
by ignoring them than by refuting them with reasoned discourse. 
  
>Are you familiar with the archeological excavations which have
>taken place in Moravia in this century?  It's true that St. Methodius'
>tomb has not yet been identified, but the excavations in Mikulcice,
>Stare Mesto and other places suggest that this was the political,
>cultural, and religious center of Great Moravia.  

I read that methodologically it is not correct to arbitrarily
subordinate historical  evidence indicating a southern Moravia to
archaeological findings, which demonstrated only that the northern
Morava Valley was inhabited in the 9th century, as it had been for
millennia. Archaeological  evidence cannot be tied directly to a
specific ethnic and/or political group simply because an archaeologist
cannot make a skeleton speak. One must know from written historical
sources in what territory a people lived at a specific time. If the
concrete archaeological culture extends to the same territory at the
same time, only then the identification is permitted. Therefore, the
determination, let's say, to what political entity belonged the user
of an object is the responsibility of documentary history. This
question cannot be answered by archeology, but only by historical
sources.

Critics of the northern  Moravian excavations argued powerfully that
the material culture of wall-forts north of the Danube (known as
Blatnica-Mikulcice horizon) was a continuation of late Avar culture, a
suggestion that had actually been made by  archaeologists long time
ago, and ignored simply because this was the presumed location of
Ratislav's realm (see Eggers, 1995). 

Now, with respect to Methodius' grave there is no surprise that it has
not been yet uncovered at Stare Mesto. There is no documentary
evidence suggesting that Methodius' archdiocese  was there or that he
died there. However,  Boba (1985, Die Slawischen Sprachen, 8, 35-40)
argued that a bishop's grave,  uncovered in the church of St.Ireneus
near Sirmium, fits the description of  Methodius' burial site as
described in Prolozne zitie Mefodija. According to Bowlus (1995),
osteological remains from this grave are in a sack numbered "18" at
Brooklyn College, New York, but no attempt has been made to date or
identify them.
 
>I also recommend Lubomir Havlik's <Kronika o Velke Morave> 
>(Brno, 1994), which is based upon original sources from Latin, Greek,
>Slavic, Hebrew, Arabic, and Germanic.

I checked a reference data base and found a 1987 1st edition,  a
second one from 1992, but nothing from 1994. I suspect that even if a
3rd edition was published in 1994 it is not written in English, so I
will not be able to read it. Anyhow, what original sources, not
discussed yet by Boba and his followers, indicate to Havlik that
"Great" Moravia was north of the Danube. Does he give a reasonable
explanation for the testimony of Constantine Porphyrogenitus' D.A.I?
(to mention just one source that  connects "megale" Moravia with the
bridge of Trajan (Turnu Severin, Romania), Sirmium, and Belgrad)  
 
>To my mind, the historical, 
>archeological, and linguistic evidence clearly demonstrates that
>the center of Great Moravia was found near the contemporary border
>of Moravia, Slovakia, and Austria.  

The remark "clearly" cannot serve as evidence :-)  


Liviu Iordache